Tag Archives: Meditations

August Thoughts… The Poor, the Lowly, and the Despised

August 31, 2021MeditationsFestivals, Humility, Martyrs, Meditations, Prophets, SaintsJoshua Kurtenbach

Throughout August, the Church remembers a great variety of people and helps us to see the great variety of those who have faith in Christ Jesus our Lord. As we look at these, our brothers and sisters who have gone on before us, we see how the Lord Himself does not show partiality (Acts 10:34-35) but raises up the poor, and the lowly, and the despised who trust in Him.

As always, these saints and days can be found in Lutheran Service Book on pages xi-xiii. Those that are italicized are not found in LSB, but are in Liturgies et Cantiques Luthériens, the French language hymnal prepared by LCC and used by our French-speaking sister congregations as well as French Lutherans around the world. These can also be found on pages xi-xiii of the LCL.

All Scripture quotations are from the Evangelical Heritage Version.

August 3: Joanna, Mary, and Salome, Myrrhbearers

Russian icon of the Myrrbearing Women depicting the angel pointing to the empty tomb.

Joanna, Mary, and Salome (1st century AD) were three of the myrrhbearing women who came to care for the body of our Lord after His death and were some of the first witnesses of His resurrection. Joanna was the wife of Chuza, Herod’s steward. She is first mentioned in Luke 7 where she listed among the women who financially supported Jesus and His disciples. Mary was the mother of James the Younger and Joseph (also called Joses). Finally, there is Salome, who also was one who ministered to the needs of Jesus and the disciples and was present at the crucifixion of our Lord. There three women, along with Mary Magdalene, came to the tomb early on the day after the Sabbath out of love for their Lord to properly anoint Him for burial. Their love proved greater than the disciples for they were afraid and locked themselves away, but these women did not care if others identified them as followers of Jesus. Thus, through their loving actions their faith was shown. Rather than finding the Lord they instead found an open tomb and angels, proclaiming the glorious resurrection of their Saviour and commissioned them to spread this news to the fearful eleven. For such great love and faith we give thanks to God and we pray that He would grant us the same to bravely and confidently be identified as Christians, even when others fear.

[The angel] said to them, “Do not be alarmed. You are looking for Jesus the Nazarene, who was crucified. He has risen! He is not here. See the place where they laid him. But go, tell his disciples and Peter, ‘He is going ahead of you into Galilee. There you will see him, just as he told you.’”
Mark 16:6-7

August 8: Jean Vallière, Martyr

Jean Vallière (c. 1483 – August 8, 1523) was an Agustinian monk and French martyr during the Reformation. Vallière was a hermit who lived near Livry outside of Paris. He met the humanist Jacques Lefèvre d’Étaples at Meaux and it was there that he learned of the budding Reformation in Germany and was convinced of the saving Gospel. After teaching and preaching this in the surrounding villages he was arrested for spreading the “heresy of Luther.” In order to help discourage the populace from following this teaching he was falsely accused of various other blasphemies (this same tactic was employed at the Diets of both Worms and Augsburg). He was burnt alive in the centre of Paris wearing his hermit’s garb confessing that his only hope was in his Lord Jesus Christ and the grace of God. This martyrdom was one of the many early on during the Reformation and was little over a month after the first martyrs of the Reformation Hendrick Voes and Jan van Essen (also Augustinian monks) were put to death in Brussels. We give thanks to God for this martyr and his steadfast faith, and pray that He would likewise preserve us under trial.

[Jesus said,] “I have told you these things so that you will not fall away. They will put you out of the synagogues. In fact, a time is coming when anyone who murders you will think he is offering a service to God.”
John 16:1-2

August 10: Lawrence, Deacon and Martyr

Lawrence (December 31, 225 – August 10, 258) was a deacon in Rome and a martyr in the persecution of Emperor Valerian. As a deacon, Lawrence was one of those responsible for the care for the poor and other mercy work (such as ransoming prisoners of war, paying for the debt of those about to enter slavery, etc). Because many of these acts required the use of money there were rumours among the pagans that the Church was in possession of great wealth and treasures. Lawrence, one whom they knew was responsible for such work, was brought before the authorities and commanded to hand over the treasures of the Church or to be put to death. Lawrence agreed and went throughout the city gathering the poor, the lowly, and the despised and any whom the Church would care for. When questioned about the meaning of what he had done Lawrence replied that these people were the treasures of the Church. As a result, he was ordered to be put to death by being burned alive on a grill. Like many of the ancient martyrs, Lawrence went to his death with joy because he knew that His Saviour who purchased him with the precious treasure of His blood would receive him. At one point he is said to have told his executioners, “Turn me over, this side is finished!” In Lawrence we have an example to follow in his steadfast faith in the face of death and of love towards our neighbours, especially the poor, lowly, and despised.

For example, consider your call, brothers. Not many of you were wise from a human point of view, not many were powerful, and not many were born with high status. But God chose the foolish things of the world to put to shame those who are wise. God chose the weak things of the world to put to shame the things that are strong.
1 Corinthians 1:26-27

August 15: St. Mary, Mother of our Lord

*The Virgin of the Grapes* by Lucas Cranach the Elder (1520-1525)

The Blessed Virgin Mary (1st century AD) was the one whom our Lord and God favoured and chose to be the mother of the only-begotten Son in the flesh. By her own words in the Magnificat (her inspired song which we still sing at Vespers) she was from a poor and insignificant family, despite being a descendant of David. While still a virgin, the angel Gabriel appeared to her and told her of the miracle of the incarnation and virgin birth of the Saviour. In response, she gives the Amen of faith. She appears in a number of events in the life of her Son, our Saviour including at His circumcision, His presentation in the Temple, His questioning of the teachers at the Temple while a child, and at His first miracle at the wedding in Canna. She was also present at the crucifixion, where in tender love towards her, our Saviour gave her into the care of His beloved disciple John with whom she lived until she died. She is said to have died in Ephesus, where John was eventually bishop. It was here where the ecumenical council was held which answered the question of whether she should be called θεοτόκος (theotokos, God-bearer). The answer was yes, for her Son was both man and God, thus the one she bore is not a mere man, but God in the flesh. As such it is appropriate to call her the Mother of God. For this we give thanks, and call her blessed, for by God’s grace she holds a special position which none other can claim, bearing the Saviour of the world even though she did not deserve it. For this she is the most blessed of all women, and in her we see an example of pure faith in Jesus and God’s desire to save all by His grace even though they do not deserve such a gift.

The angel went to her and said, “Greetings, you who are highly favored! The Lord is with you. Blessed are you among women!”
Luke 1:28

August 16: Isaac, Patriarch

Isaac (c. 2066 – 1886 BC) the son of Abraham, was one of the three major patriarchs leading up to the children of Israel. Isaac himself was the child of the promise which the Lord God made to Abraham and Sarah that even though in their old age they would have a child through whom all the nations of the world would be blessed. This ultimately finds its fulfillment in Jesus Christ, for through His death as a sacrifice for sin all nations are blessed and may be saved. There is far less in the Scriptures regarding Isaac compared to his father Abraham and his youngest son Jacob. However, there are a number of parallels and types of Christ in his life. In addition to being the child of promise, he was also a type of our Lord’s death and resurrection. In testing Abraham, God asked Abraham to offer to him his son, his beloved son, to Him. Isaac, like Christ, bears the wood of his sacrifice up the mountain to the altar. However, rather than dying, he is spared when the Lord provides a ram to sacrifice instead. This points us forward to God who gave His Son, His beloved Son, as a sacrifice for sin so that He might die in the place of sinners. As an ancestor of Christ, we give thanks to God for him, as well as for the ways in which he points forward to his holy Descendant who fulfills what he enacted by type and shadow.

Then Abraham fell on his face and laughed and said in his heart, “Will a child be born to someone who is one hundred years old? Will Sarah, who is ninety years old, give birth?” And Abraham said to God, “Oh, let Ishmael live in your presence!” But God said, “No, Sarah, your wife, will bear a son for you. You shall name him Isaac. I will establish my covenant with him as an everlasting covenant for his descendants after him.
Genesis 17:17-19

August 17: Johann Gerhard, Theologian

Painting by unknown artist of Johann Gerhard at the University of Jena

Johann Gerhard (October 17, 1582 – August 17, 1637) was a Lutheran theologian and pastor in the 17th century and played a large role in reacting to challenges from both Calvinist and Roman Catholic apologists. Today Gerhard is known for both his devotional and dogmatic writings. His devotional works are rich in imagery and display some of the finest examples of Lutheran piety which is saturated with Scripture and application to daily life while focusing on the work of our Saviour. His first great work, Sacred Meditations, was completed when he was only 22 years old. His dogmatic works include an in-depth systematic theology which builds on those of Martin Chemnitz and Philip Melanchthon and remains to this day one of the greatest works of Lutheran theology. Other works of his focus on the catholic character of the Evangelical Church by demonstrating that it is in harmony with the ancient and medieval Church, it is merely purified of innovations. Through all of these works his love for his Saviour and great faith is evident and he demonstrates for us how piety and orthodoxy should go hand in hand.

[Jesus] said to them, “Therefore every expert in the law who has been trained as a disciple in the kingdom of heaven is like the owner of a house who brings out of his treasure both new things and old things.”
Matthew 13:52

August 19: Bernard of Clairvaux, Hymnwriter and Theologian

Bernard of Clairvaux (1090 – August 19, 1153) was a prominent abbot, theologian, and hymnwriter in the 12th century. As a young man, Bernard joined a reformed Benedictine monastery at Citeaux (the first Cistercian monastery) that sought to follow the Rule of St. Benedict more strictly. Early on he was chosen to head a new monastery for the order. Bernard’s theology was often very devotional and many of his works were influential in shaping Lutheran devotional writers. Bernard also saw the importance of music and its role in theology and teaching. His hymns have been used continuously in the Church since his time and have been translated and used as the basis of new hymns as well, including some in our hymnal. Bernard was held up by the Reformers as an example of one of those in the past who sought out monasticism for the right reasons: in order to study the Scriptures and be devoted to teaching and contemplation while still trusting solely in Christ for his salvation.

Therefore I will praise you among the nations, Lord. To your name I will make music.
Psalm 18:49

August 20: Samuel, Prophet

Samuel (c. 1080 – c. 1010 BC) was a prophet and judge in pre-kingdom Israel. Samuel’s birth was the result of God’s special intervention and so his mother Hannah gave him to the tabernacle to serve the Lord. At this time, Hannah prayed the Exultavit Cor Meum, a song with themes very similar to St. Mary’s Magnificat. The Lord first called Samuel when he was young and gave him the difficult task of prophesying to Eli the priest the fall of his house. As judge, Samuel guided the people of Israel for many years before they demanded a king. The Lord used him to anoint His chosen king, Saul, and later when Saul lost the favour of God by his rebellion, Samuel was sent to anoint David. Samuel acts for us as an example of faithfulness to God amidst an unfaithful world. Samuel felt rejected when the people asked for a king, but the Lord comforted him telling him that the people were not rejecting him, but God Himself (1 Sam 8:7). Samuel had to live with the fact that not only his people, but even his own sons, rejected the way of God (1 Sam 8:1-3). In him we see God’s care for His faithful people, even when their children reject Him, and so may be strengthened if we face similar situations.

My heart rejoices in the Lord! In the Lord, my horn is raised high. My mouth is opened wide against my enemies, because I find joy in your salvation.
1 Samuel 2:1

August 24: St. Bartholomew, Apostle

Saint Bartholomew by Lucas Cranach the Elder, St. Bartholomew is depicted holding his skin (indicative of his martyrdom) and under a fig tree (as per John 1)

St. Bartholomew (1st century AD), also called Nathanael in the Gospel of St. John, was an Apostle of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. Bartholomew was called by St. Philip (John 1:43-51) and was originally sceptical of the Lord as the Messiah until hearing His words. Aside from his call, there is little mentioned of him in the New Testament besides the lists of the Disciples. According to tradition Bartholomew and St. Jude Thaddaeus brought the Gospel to the people of Armenia. He is remembered to have been martyred for the Lord by being flayed alive and then beheaded. As such, he is often depicted holding a knife in art. Bartholomew is an example for us of humble faith because he served the Lord not for notoriety or to gain anything, but because of his love for Him and out of thanks for the forgiveness of sins. His conversion is also an example of the Lord’s mercy and love for even those who doubt and of His powerful word to give us confidence in Him.

Jesus replied, “You believe because I told you that I saw you under the fig tree. You will see greater things than that!” Then he added, “Amen, Amen, I tell you: You will see heaven opened and the angels of God ascending and descending on the Son of Man.”
John 1:50-51

August 26: Caesarius of Arles, Theologian

Caesarius of Arles (c. 468 – August 27, 582) was bishop of Arles in modern France. As bishop, Caesarius was responsible for overseeing the clergy under him. While some at this time were already treating this office as a political appointment, Caesarius stressed the need for the bishop to teach and care for the laity and clergy in their care. Because of this, Caesarius became known for his sermons, over 250 of which survive to this day. He also stressed the importance of the Word in the life of the Christian, both in the Divine Service and in the home. He desired that the people study and read or hear the Scriptures at home and to treasure the Scriptures just as much as they treasured the Sacraments. Caesarius oversaw the Synod of Orange in 529 which upheld the truth of the Gospel against semi-Pelagianism. This synod was used as an example by the Reformers of God preserving the pure Gospel within the Church at all times and as proof that the doctrine which they taught was not new but had always been believed and accepted. Caesarius serves as an example for pastors and all can be encouraged by his teaching and reminding us of the importance of the Word in our lives.

Your words are a lamp for my feet and a light for my path.
Psalm 119:105

August 27: Monica, Mother of Augustine

*Saint Augustine and his mother, Saint Monica* by Arny Sheffer (1846)

Monica (c. 332 – 387) was the mother of Augustine and an example of patience and love for unbelieving children. Monica was from Thagaste in North Africa (modern Algeria) and married a pagan named Patricius, a city official. Patricius did not allow Monica to bring any of her children to be baptized and so they were raised in the usual way of Roman pagans. At one time in Augustine’s childhood while very ill, Monica convinced Patricius to allow Augustine to be baptized, but he reneged when he recovered. And so, through much of her life, Monica watched as her husband and children continued in unbelief while she alone held to saving faith. She remained in constant prayer for her family even when it seemed that they continued to go in the wrong direction. Eventually she saw her prayers answered when her son converted to Christianity while in Italy. On their way back to Africa after his baptism in Milan Monica was called to glory and died in peace in Ostia. For centuries, she has been an example to follow for those parents of unbelieving children and children who have left the faith. She is an example of continuing in prayer for them, keeping relationships with them, and entrusting them into the care of God alone who can convert their hearts.

Rejoice always. Pray without ceasing. In everything give thanks. For this is God’s will for you in Christ Jesus.
1 Thessalonians 5:16-18

August 28: Augustine, Pastor and Theologian

Augustine of Hippo (November 13, 354 – August 28, 430) was an influential North African pastor and theologian. Augustine grew up in a pagan manner after his father, despite the protests of his mother Monica. While going to school in Carthage he became a Manichaean and took to living with a woman outside of marriage and fathered a child. Augustine moved to Milan in order to take a position as a teacher of rhetoric. In Milan, influenced by his studies in various philosophies, his reading of the New Testament at the advice of his mother, and the preaching and conversations with Ambrose of Milan he was convinced of the truth of the Christian faith. After returning to Africa he was ordained at Hippo in 391. Four years later he was elected Bishop of Hippo. As the bishop Augustine gave himself to preaching and the study of the Scriptures. Augustine was one of the key figures who opposed Pelagius’ heresy, and many of his writings and commentaries became extremely influential in the Western Church. He is an example of a faithful pastor, of God’s mercy by way of his conversion later in life, and of a faithful theologian.

The goal of this command is love that comes from a pure heart, from a good conscience, and from a sincere faith.
1 Timothy 1:5

August 29: Martyrdom of St. John the Baptist

*The Feast of Herod and the Beheading of John the Baptist* by Benozzo Gozzoli (1461-62)

According to Christian tradition, it was on this day in AD 28 when Herod Antipas put St. John the Baptist to death by having him beheaded while in prison (Mark 6:27). Through his life, St. John was the forerunner of Christ, “going before the Lord to prepare His way” (Luke 1:76). This happened in his birth, his preaching, his baptising of the Lord, and even in his innocent death. For John was not put to death for any crime but due to a grudge that Herodias, the illegitimate wife of Herod, had concerning his preaching of repentance from the Word of God. As the last prophet before the Messiah and last prophet of the Old Covenant, John points forward to the Messiah that he proclaimed even in his death. Even his burial is similar to that of his Lord’s, for John’s disciples came and took the body away to bury it after his death (Mark 6:29). And while during the Reformation the abuse of relics was connected to this festival (there are four places which claim to have the head of John the Baptist, including a mosque), this festival helps us to remember the example of John the Baptist and encourages us in the bearing of our crosses and out witness to our faith and the hope of everlasting life we have within us.

A white robe was given to each one of [the souls of the martyrs under the altar]. And they were told to rest a little longer until their number would be complete, when their fellow servants and their brothers would be put to death as they were.
Revelation 6:11

July Thoughts… Prophets, Apostles, and Marys Oh My!

August 4, 2021MeditationsApostles, Meditations, Saints, VocationJoshua Kurtenbach

Through July, we have a variety of encouraging examples for us. Many this month are from the Old Testament including three prophets and a matriarch beginning the month. From there we have a number of those who were close to the Lord during His earthly ministry including two of the many New Testament Marys. There are also two who seem to not fit the general theme that emerges, however, this is due to the date of their heavenly birthdays. As you read this I hope you find the comfort of the Gospel and are encouraged by God’s care for His people of all times and of all nations for the sake of His beloved Son Jesus Christ.

July 6: Isaiah, Prophet

Isaiah (8th century BC – c. 681 BC) the son of Amoz, was a prophet in the kingdom of Judah. He prophesied during the reigns of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah (1:1). His book is filled with many prophecies of the Messiah and is quoted more than any other prophet in the New Testament. Some are so explicit and so clear, such as the Songs of the Suffering Servant, that he is sometimes known as the Fifth Evangelist. Much of his work is focused on calling people to repentance for their idolatry and oppression of the poor. He foretold the destruction of Jerusalem and the exile of the people if they would not repent. Yet, he also preached of the peace to come in the time of the Messiah, the defeat of death, the conversion of the nations, and God’s deliverance of the people after the exile through King Cyrus of Persia. Traditionally it is held that Isaiah was put to death on the orders of King Manasseh by being sawed in half (possibly referenced in Hebrews 11:37). Overall, Isaiah serves as both one who pointed to Christ by his office as prophet as well as serving as an example of hope.

For to us a child is born. To us a son is given. The authority to rule will rest on his shoulders. He will be named: Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. There will be no limit to his authority and no end to the peace he brings. He will rule on David’s throne and over his kingdom, to establish it and to uphold it with justice and righteousness from now on, into eternity. The zeal of the Lord of Armies will accomplish this.
Isaiah 9:6-7

July 16: Ruth

Ruth in Boaz’s Field (1828) by Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld

Ruth (11th century BC) was a Moabite who came to faith in the God of Israel and is an ancestor of David and the Lord Jesus. As a Moabite, Ruth grew up outside of the covenant, but during a famine in Judah she married a Bethlehemite named Mahlon, who was sojourning in Moab with his parents. By the time the famine was over, Ruth’s husband, brother-in-law, and father-in-law had died. As her mother-in-law Naomi was returning to Bethlehem she urged her daughter-in-laws to return to their people and their gods, but Ruth had come to faith and was loyal to Naomi and gave the confession, “Wherever you go, I will go, and wherever you make your home, I will make my home. Your people will be my people, and your God will be my God.” On returning to Bethlehem she gleaned in order to support herself and Naomi. Eventually, she and Naomi would come to be redeemed by Boaz, who would marry her, and give her a son: Obed, the father of Jesse. Ruth is an example of God’s desire to save people from all nations, of patience and perseverance, and of a steadfast faith in trial.

But Ruth said, “Do not urge me to abandon you or to turn back from following you. Because wherever you go, I will go, and wherever you make your home, I will make my home. Your people will be my people, and your God will be my God.
Ruth 1:16

July 20: Elijah, Prophet

Greek icon of Elijah. The scroll says, “As surely as the Lord God lives, the God of Israel” and are the first words he speaks in 1 Kings 17.

Elijah (c. 900 BC – c. 849 BC) the Tishbite was a prophet in the kingdom of Israel in the time of King Ahab and his wife Jezebel. We do not know much about the beginning of Elijah’s life or call. He first appears in 1 Kings 17 where he announces to Ahab that the Lord will cause a drought in the land because of Ahab’s trust in the false fertility and rain god Baal. In response, Ahab and Jezebel persecuted the prophets of God and supported the prophets of Baal causing Elijah to go into hiding in the land of Zarephath. It is here where he prefigured Christ’s saving work by the raising of a widow’s son. Much of what we have in the Scriptures regarding Elijah points to a life of suffering for the faith. After the ending of the drought and the demonstration of the power of the Lord through the fire from heaven on Mount Carmel, Elijah was once again hunted by Jezebel. At this time the Lord led him to Mount Hebron/Sinai where he was for 40 days. Despite not writing anything, Elijah is seen as the prophet par excellence in the Scriptures. Malachi prophesies that the forerunner of the Messiah will come in the spirit and power of Elijah. At the end of his life, Elijah was taken up to heaven in a flaming whirlwind after appointing a successor. During the ministry of our Lord Jesus, Elijah appeared alongside Moses at the Transfiguration of Jesus and spoke with Him regarding His departure. Elijah for us serves as an example of steadfastness in trial and boldness in our confession of faith no matter the consequences.

When the time of the evening sacrifice had arrived, Elijah the prophet stood up and said, “O Lord, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, let it be known this day that you are God in Israel and that I am your servant and that I have done all these things by your word. 37 Answer me, Lord! Answer me so that this people will know that you, O Lord, are God and that you are turning their hearts back to you.”
1 Kings 18:36-37

July 21: Ezekiel, Prophet

Ezekiel (c. 622 BC – c. 570 BC) the son of Buzi, was a priest and prophet during the exile of the Jewish people in Babylon. As a prophet among the exiles, Ezekiel continued to call for the people to repent and believe that Jerusalem (which had not yet been destroyed) would be destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar. Many of these prophecies were to be enacted out in his person and actions. In this he exposed himself to ridicule. Yet, he followed the commands of the Lord and endured mocking for the name of God. In the time after the Temple was destroyed, he turned to comforting the people with the hope of the return to the land and God’s faithfulness in keeping His promises. Throughout all of this he points to the New Covenant and the Kingdom of God in Christ which would include all nations. His writing includes one of the most clear Old Testament prophecies regarding Holy Baptism (Ezekiel 36:25-27). We give thanks to God for raising up the prophet Ezekiel and for his witness of the coming Prophet like Moses, Jesus Christ.

I will sprinkle purifying water on you, and you will be clean. I will cleanse you from all your impurity and from all your filthy idols. Then I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit inside you. I will remove the heart of stone from your body and give you a heart of flesh. I will put my Spirit within you and will cause you to walk in my statutes, and you will carefully observe my ordinances.
Ezekiel 36:25-27

July 22: St. Mary Magdalene

St. Mary Magdalene in a Landscape by Lucas Cranach. She bears the spices she brought for the Lord. In the top corner the resurrected Lord is surrounded by angels.

St. Mary Magdalene (1st century AD) was a prominent female disciple of our Lord Jesus and the first witness of the resurrection. She most likely came from the town of Magdala on the Sea of Galilee and she began to follow Jesus after He drove out seven demons from her (Luke 8:2). She, along with a number of other women including Jesus’ mother Mary and the Apostle John were some of the only believers present at our Lord’s crucifixion. And while she has been identified throughout Church history with the woman who anointed our Lord with perfume and tears in Luke 7, but this is not certain. However, we do know that the Lord appeared to her after His resurrection and sent her to tell the Apostles of His resurrection. For this, she is known as the Apostle to the Apostles. In her we see both an example for us of repentance and service, for after her conversion she and other women provided for the Lord and His disciples. We are also strengthened by the example of the Lord’s mercy to her in driving out seven demons.

Jesus told her, “Do not continue to cling to me, for I have not yet ascended to my Father. But go to my brothers and tell them, ‘I am ascending to my Father and your Father—to my God and your God.’” Mary Magdalene went and announced to the disciples, “I have seen the Lord!” She also told them the things he said to her.
John 20:17-18

July 25: St. James the Elder, Apostle

St. James the Elder (c. AD 3 – 44), also known as St. James the Great, and St. James the Greater, was the brother of St. John the Apostle and an apostle of our Lord. James was one of the “inner three” of the Lord’s disciples along with Peter and John and as such witnessed the Transfiguration, the raising of Jairus’ daughter, and was asked to stay awake while Jesus prayed in the garden of Gethsemane. After the resurrection and ascension of our Lord, James was the first of the Apostles to be martyred for the faith. He died at the hands of King Herod Agrippa in AD 44 by being put to death by the sword (Acts 12:1-2). Besides his steadfastness unto death, there are a number of examples in James’ life that serve us as disciples. The first is that our zeal for the truth must be tempered by love. For James asked the Lord when He was rejected at a Samaritan village if he and John should call down fire from heaven to destroy them (Luke 9:51-56). The Lord rebuked them for this, and later, at the preaching of the Gospel many of the Samaritans would come to faith, most likely including some from this unnamed village (Acts 8:4-8). Thus, our zeal for the truth of the Gospel must not result in desiring the destruction of our enemies (as James desired at first), but their conversion. The second example is that of humility. James and John both asked Jesus if they could sit at His right and left hand in His glory. In response, the Lord said that the greatest must be a servant, and the one who would be first must be a slave of all (Mark 10:43-44). Finally, there is his steadfastness to death. For all of these examples which God may use to strengthen us we give thanks to God.

Whoever wants to be great among you will be your servant, and whoever wants to be first among you will be a slave of all. For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.
Mark 10:43b-45

July 28: Johann Sebastian Bach, Kantor

Portrait, 1748 by Elias Gottlob Haussmann.

Johann Sebastian Bach (March 31, 1685 – July 28, 1750) was a composer and remembered for his vocation as kantor within the Church. Bach grew up in a Lutheran household and this Christ-centred faith was a central component of his life. He knew well the doctrine of vocation and that all we do we do for the Lord. At the beginning of all his musical compositions (both secular and sacred) he would write I.I. which stood for Iesu Iuva, which means, Jesus Help Me; at the end he would write S.D.G. which stood for Soli Deo Gloria, which means, To God Alone be Glory. As the kantor in Leipzig he was responsible for the music for the church. As a result, he wrote cantatas for each Sunday and other festivals which would include the chorale meant for the day (like our hymn of the day). These works both added beauty and majesty to the worship of God while also proclaiming the Gospel through their words. Our own hymnals still use some of the music which he wrote and his other sacred works are still regularly performed around the world continuing to spread the Gospel accompanied by beautiful music meant to glorify God. For this we are thankful and give thanks to God for his example and works while also praying for God to continue to raise up and bless all church musicians who accompany our worship today.

Praise the Lord. Praise the Lord, O my soul. I will praise the Lord as long as I live. I will make music to my God as long as I exist.
Psalm 146:1-2

July 29: Mary, Martha, and Lazarus of Bethany

Mary, Martha, and Lazarus (1st century AD) were three siblings from Bethany near Jerusalem (not to be confused with Bethany beyond the Jordan) and disciples of Christ. These siblings were not only disciples, but good friends of our Lord. In Luke 10 Jesus and His disciples stayed at their home and He taught there. He also stayed at their home prior to the triumphal entry into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday (John 12). Lazarus, through his resurrection by Jesus, pointed forward to Jesus’ own resurrection from the dead. The faith of these siblings is for us a great example. Mary demonstrates for us the importance of Christ and His teaching being the thing of greatest importance in our lives. For when Martha asked Jesus to rebuke her sister for sitting at His feet and learning while she prepared a meal, Jesus said that Mary had chosen the better portion. Following this, Mary demonstrates a love willing to sacrifice goods in using an expensive perfume to anoint Jesus before the triumphal entry. In addition, their faith in the resurrection from the dead and hope in the midst of death is a great example for us. For they believed and had hope in the resurrection on the Last Day when their brother died. And when the Lord said that He was the resurrection and the life, they likewise had faith in Him. Thus, we give thanks for these three siblings who God has used to show us the life and hope of a disciple in times of mourning.

Jesus said to [Martha], “I am the resurrection and the life. Whoever believes in me will live, even if he dies. And whoever lives and believes in me will never perish. Do you believe this?” “Yes, Lord,” she told him. “I believe that you are the Christ, the Son of God, who was to come into the world.”
John 11:25-27

July 30: Robert Barnes, Confessor and Martyr

The martyrdom of Robert Barnes from Foxe’s Book of Martyrs.

Robert Barnes (1495 – July 30, 1540) was an English martyr during the Reformation. Barnes was an Augustinian friar who studied at both Cambridge and Lueven, earning his Doctor of Divinity. While at Cambridge, Barnes was a member of the faculty who met at the White Horse Tavern to discuss theology. It was here that he first became aware of seriously and read the writings of Martin Luther and was convinced of the evangelical truth. As a result he began to preach this truth in his sermons. After being condemned for this he was put under house arrest where he continued to preach to his visitors and distribute evangelical works in English. He later escaped to the continent where he spent some time in Wittenberg and stayed at the home of Martin Luther. Because of this he became a good mediator between Henry VIII and the Wittenberg faculty when he returned to England. While there he continued to preach and write the truth of Lutheran doctrine. After one particularly fiery sermon in 1540 he was arrested. After refusing to recant and remaining steadfast in the faith, he was put to death by being burnt at the stake. Later, Luther would say of him, “This Dr. Robert Barnes we certainly knew, and it is a particular joy for me to hear that our good, pious dinner guest and houseguest has been so graciously called by God to pour out his blood and to become a holy martyr for the sake of His dear Son.” We likewise give thanks to God for this martyr who held the faith steadfast even unto death.

Do not fear anything that you are about to suffer. Look, the Devil is about to throw some of you into prison so that you will be tested, and you will suffer for ten days. Be faithful until death, and I will give you the crown of life.
Revelation 2:10

July 31: Joseph of Arimathea

Joseph of Arimathea (1st century AD) was a member of the Sanhedrin and a disciple of Jesus. Like Nicodemus, a Pharisee who sought Jesus out by night so as not to be seen as a disciple, Joseph was a secret disciple of Jesus because of his position on the ruling council of the Sanhedrin. However, the death of our Lord (which he did not agree with (Luke 23:51)) brought out a change of heart in him (and Nicodemus). When Jesus had died, he openly became a disciple and used his influence as a member of the Sanhedrin in order to approach Pilate boldly to ask for the body of Jesus that they might bury Him. Joseph and Nicodemus then took the Lord down from the cross and wrapped him in linen with aloes before placing Him in Joseph’s own new tomb, thus fulfilling the prophecies of the burial of the Messiah. Joseph is especially an example for us in boldness of our confession, even when it will cost us influence, friends, and prestige in this life. For while at first he was afraid of a public confession, he later was given the courage to profess His faith by God’s grace. May we always be encouraged by this, and pray that God would grant us this same grace when we feel timid about confessing our faith.

Joseph from Arimathea, a prominent member of the Council, who was himself waiting for the kingdom of God, boldly went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus. Pilate was surprised that he was already dead. He summoned the centurion and asked him if Jesus had been dead for a long time. When he learned from the centurion that it was so, he granted the body to Joseph. Joseph bought a linen cloth, took him down, and wrapped him in the linen cloth. He laid him in a tomb that had been cut out of rock, and he rolled a stone against the entrance of the tomb.
Mark 15:43-46

June Thoughts

July 7, 2021MeditationsCouncil of Nicea, Meditations, Presentation of Augsburg Confession, SaintsJoshua Kurtenbach

In June we remember two events that mark great professions of doctrine that happened around 1200 years apart. We also remember many martyrs who died confessing this true faith and preaching the Gospel. However, it is still a large mix of people from the Old Testament, New Testament, and beyond, including laymen and apostles, men and women, from many vocations. We see how Christ has called into His body the Church people from all places into saving faith in Him.

June 1: Justin, Martyr

Justin (c. 100 – c. 165), also known as Justin Martyr, was an early Christian apologist and martyr. Justin was raised and educated as a pagan. He studied in various philosophical schools (which often had religious overtones) seeking the truth. His conversion came as a result of an elderly man suggesting he read the Prophets and Apostles to find the truth. The Holy Spirit worked through the Word to bring Justin to faith. As an apologist Justin wrote much in defense of the Christian faith before both Jews and pagans who made spurious claims against the faith. Of his writings, three survive: The Apology, written to the Emperor Antonius Pius; The Second Apology, written to the Senate; and Dialogue with Trypho, a defense of Jesus as the Jewish Messiah. In his defense of the faith to Antonius, Justin gives the outline of the Divine Service, proving that while it was done in secret, there was nothing evil happening. Much of what Justin describes is still done today in our service. Justin serves as an example for all Christians in being able to give an answer for the hope within us.

But regard the Lord, the Christ, as holy in your hearts. Always be prepared to give an answer to everyone who asks you to give a reason for the hope that is in you.
1 Peter 3:15

June 2: The Martyrs of Lyons

The Martyrs of Lyons (AD 177) were 48 Christians of Lyons and Vienne who were martyred for their faith in modern Lyons, France. Leading up to the mass execution on June 2, 177 Christians in Lyons were forbidden to be in the marketplace, in the public baths, and even in the general public. If they were found outside of their homes they were beaten, robbed, mocked, and ridiculed. At this time many Christian homes were vandalized and even destroyed. Eventually the government endorsed this persecution by charging the Christians with cannibalism (because of the Eucharist) and incest (because we are all brothers and sisters in Christ). Church leaders and prominent Christians were tortured and eventually put to death in the arena. Only some names have been passed on from the 48: Pothinus, Sanctus, Attalus, Maturus, and Blandina. Through their example, the Lord has demonstrated His grace in that even in mass persecution He keeps His saints steadfast in the true faith.

Blessed are you when people insult you and persecute you and falsely say all kinds of evil against you because of me.
Matthew 5:11

June 4: Clothilde, Christian Ruler

Clothilde and her sons from the “*Great Chronicle of St. Denis*“

Clothilde (c. 474 – 545) was a princess of Burgundy and wife of the Franksih king Clovis I and is remembered for her role in the conversion of her husband and her works of mercy. Although Clothilde was a Christian she was married to the pagan Clovis. As a faithful Christian mother, she had her children baptized, even though Clovis was opposed to it. Eventually, after much prayer for her husband and through her witness, the Holy Spirit brought Clovis to faith. With Clovis’ conversion, many of the other Frankish leaders followed suit and a Christian pastors and missionaries were given great freedom in spreading the faith throughout the realm. Clothilde is also remembered for her great works of charity and mercy towards the poor in their midst, using her wealth to the benefit of her neighbours. She is thus a good example for Christians who have unbelieving family members because of her persistent prayer, as well as for all Christians for her faith and stewardship.

Charm is deceptive, and beauty is vapor that vanishes, but a woman who fears the Lord should be praised. Give her credit for the fruit of her hands, and let her accomplishments praise her in the city gates.
Proverbs 31:30-31

June 5: Boniface of Mainz, Missionary to the Germans

Boniface (c. 675 – June 5, 754) was an Anglo-Saxon missionary to the German peoples and eventually, Bishop of Mainz. Boniface was from a well-off family in Anglo-Saxon England and against his father’s wishes pursued theological study and joined a monastery. In 716 Boniface went on a missionary journey to Frisia. After difficulty there due to war, Boniface continued his work in Hesse and Bavaria. After cutting down an oak tree, seen as sacred by the German pagans and dedicated to Thor, Boniface was able to prove that the gods of the Germans were powerless and empty. As a result of this many came to the true faith. Boniface appealed to the Anglo-Saxons in England to help their pagan kin and many supplies, funds, books, and missionaries were sent to help Boniface. During all of this, Boniface also helped lead reforms in the Frankish Church. He was martyred on June 5, 754 when he and those travelling with them were attacked by pagan bandits hoping they were carrying riches. However, the only riches they had were those of God’s Word which reveal eternal life. Boniface is an example of a steadfast faith and strong desire to bring the faith to those who have not heard.

The Lord is my light and my salvation— whom shall I fear? The Lord is the stronghold of my life— of whom shall I be afraid?
Psalm 27:1

June 11: St. Barnabas, Apostle

St. Barnabas (1st century AD) was a companion of St. Paul and apostle (Acts 14:14). In the Scripture, Barnabas is mentioned throughout the book of Acts and he is also mentioned by Paul in 1 Corinthians, Galatians, and Colossians. Barnabas was a Levite and native of the island of Cyprus. When the Christians that fled the persecution in Judea went to Antioch and began preaching to Gentiles with great success, Barnabas was sent to oversee the mission. Later, Barnabas accompanied Paul on his first missionary journey, and seemed to have been the more eloquent and greater of the two in the eyes of men, for when they were in Lystra, the local pagans thought that Paul was Hermes and Barnabas Zeus (Acts 14:12). Along with Paul, Barnabas was an important figure at the Jerusalem Council, where the account of their missionary journey showed the Holy Spirit’s approval of the acceptance of Gentiles into the Church without circumcision and the keeping of the whole Law. Although not one of the Twelve, Barnabas is counted as an Apostle along with Paul because together they were recognized by the Apostles in Jerusalem and extended the right hand of fellowship (Gal. 2). Barnabas and Paul later split up after a disagreement about taking John Mark with them on the second missionary journey. After this, the book of Acts no more mentions him. However, Church tradition says that Barnabas went to his homeland of Cyprus to continue his work of spreading the Gospel where he was eventually martyred for the faith. Barnabas’ example is one of faith in uncertain times and joy in the Gospel and its spread.

While they were worshipping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, “Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.”
Acts 13:2

June 12: The Ecumenical Council of Nicea, AD 325

The Council of Nicea with Scriptures seated in the place of authority

The Ecumenical Council of Nicea (325), also called the First Council of Nicea, was the first ecumenical council of the Church, and was convened in order to deal with the Arian heresy. The Council was convened by Emperor Constantine I to meet at Nicea in order to bring peace to the Church after the teachings of Arius were stirring up division and strife. Bishops from all over the Empire and beyond were invited to attend the Council, with 318 being able to make it. At the Council the Emperor charged the assembled bishops to believe what the Scriptures said regarding the divine nature of Christ, that they may be the judge. In the end the Council agreed that the Son of God, who became incarnate in Christ Jesus, was homoousios with the Father, that is: being of one substance. The Old Nicene Creed was also composed here, to act as a confession of the true faith. This is also when the Church agreed when to celebrate the Resurrection of our Lord (on the first Sunday after the first full moon after the spring equinox). This Council was an important event in the Church’s life, and helped set the pattern of creeds and confessions.

Look, how good and how pleasant it is when brothers live together in unity! It is like the precious oil poured on the head, running down on the beard, the beard of Aaron, running down on the collar of his robes.
Psalm 133:1-2

June 14: Elisha, Prophet

Elisah (9th century BC – c. 798 BC) was the successor of Elijah as the leader of the prophets in the northern Kingdom of Israel. Elisha was chosen by Elijah as his successor and was given the gift of being able to see Elijah taken up in a whirlwind of fire. According to his request, he was given a double portion of the Spirit which rested on Elijah (2 Kings 2:9-10). As such, Elisha’s life was filled with miracles that pointed forward to the greater miracles of Jesus Christ, the Prophet to whom all prophets pointed. These include, raising the son of a widow from the dead, multiplying loaves to feed a crowd, and healing a man of leprosy. Elisha was also faithful in carrying out all that he was called to do in calling the kings of Israel to repentance, anointing new kings of both Israel and Syria who were to later overthrow their kings whom God had deposed. The final miracle of God through Elisha is one that points very clearly to our relationship with Jesus Christ. After Elisha’s death, after only his bones remained, a man was placed into his tomb and was resurrected after sharing his grave and touching his bones (2 Kings 13:20-21). This miracle points us ultimately to our relationship with Christ, for we who have been baptized into Christ have been baptized into His death. Sharing in His death, we are also raised with Him and share in His life. Thanks be to God, for his servant Elisha whose preaching and miracles point us to Jesus Christ, the Son of God!

In fact, no prophecy ever came by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were being carried along by the Holy Spirit.
2 Peter 1:21

June 24: Nativity of St. John the Baptist

Most feasts and festivals with connections to the saints commemorate their death, but on this day, the Church remembers the birth of John the Baptist. In the first chapter of Luke, the first half is filled not only with the annunciation and birth of Jesus, but also of John the Baptist. John was the son of Zechariah, a priest, and Elizabeth, a relative of Mary, the Mother of our Lord. In more than just his preaching, John the Baptist was the forerunner of Christ.This day remembers how his birth pointed forward to the birth of Christ. John followed in the pattern of Old Testament births which pointed to Christ by being born of parents who were barren and in old age. This and other miracle births all pointed forward to the ultimate miracle birth: Jesus’ virginal birth. At the birth of John the Baptist, when it was time to name him, John’s father Zecheriah sang a prophetic song (which we call the Benedictus) which speaks of the salvation which will come through God coming to earth in the person of His Son and in the role John will play in being His forerunner. Appropriately, John’s nativity is celebrated six months before that of our Lord, for according to Luke, when Elizabeth was six months pregnant when Gabriel appeared to Mary (Luke 1:26).

And you, child, will be called a prophet of the Most High, because you will go before the Lord to prepare his ways, to give his people the knowledge of salvation by the forgiveness of their sins.
Luke 1:76-77

June 25: Presentation of the Augsburg Confession, AD 1530

Presentation of the Augsburg Confession to Emperor Charles V

On June 25, 1530 7 princes, and 2 city councils presented the Augsburg Confession to Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Augsburg in order to demonstrate that their faith was none other than the catholic faith purified of certain abuses. The Augsburg Confession itself presented 21 articles in common with the Church catholic in distinction to the Anabaptists and Zwinglians. The last 7 articles were those that showed abuses which had been corrected. While the Roman theologians present did not accept this confession, the Augsburg Confession became the chief confession of the Evangelical Church and all Lutheran theologians and churches have from the beginning accepted it. The Church has likewise always remembered this day, and there were many paintings and printings commissioned to commemorate it and demonstrate its teachings (such as the image here from an altar). Those who presented it knew that in doing so they were putting their lives at risk from the Emperor, yet they likewise knew the importance of confessing the true faith of the Scriptures. For this clear confession of faith and for the steadfast faith of its presenters we give thanks to God.

Then I will speak of your testimonies before kings, and I will not be put to shame.
Psalm 119:46

June 26: Jeremiah, Prophet

Jeremiah (c. 650 BC – c. 580 BC) was a prophet and author of the book which bears his name whom God called to preach in the southern kingdom of Judah. Jeremiah was from a priestly family that lived in Ananoath outside of Jerusalem. He was called with the especially hard task of preaching repentance and the coming destruction of Jerusalem by the Babylonians while being surrounded by false prophets who preferred to flatter the king rather than preach repentance. Because of this he was often jailed, mocked, and had few who would listen to his warnings. Yet, the Lord promised to and did preserve a faithful remnant who heard the word of the Lord through Jeremiah and were repentant. Jeremiah also prophesied of the end of the old and beginning of the new covenant and the reign of Christ Jesus. Against his wishes, Jeremiah was taken by refugees of Jerusalem to Egypt, where he died. Although filled with dire warnings, his book is also a book of hope and consolation that promises salvation and deliverance, even when the Lord chastises because of sin. Jeremiah’s sufferings and preaching point us to Christ who suffered for us that we may have salvation from sin, and whose words are filled with comfort and hope for all who believe.

But this is the covenant I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the Lord. I will put my law in their minds, and I will write it on their hearts. I will be their God, and they will be my people. No longer will each one teach his neighbor, or each one teach his brother, saying, “Know the Lord,” because they will all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, declares the Lord, for I will forgive their guilt, and I will remember their sins no more.
Jeremiah 31:33-34

June 27: Cyril of Alexandria, Pastor and Confessor

Byzantine style St. Cyril of Alexandria icon

Cyril (c. AD 337 – 444) was the Patriarch of Alexandria and a highly influential theologian in the Nestorian controversy where he courageously argued for the teaching that while Christ Jesus has two complete natures, He is yet one person. When the Patriarch of Constantinople Nestorius began teaching that it was right to call Mary the Mother of Christ but not the Mother of God, because she could only give birth to His human nature, Cyril came to the defense of the doctrine of the hypostatic union, that is: that in Jesus there are two complete natures, yet one person (Greek, hypostasis). Thus, everything He did He did as both God and Man in one Person. Cyril’s writings proved influential at the Council of Ephesus which condemned Nestorius’ position for effectively making two Christs. Cyril’s writings were also very influential on the Reformers and his Christology is clearly evident in the Formula of Concord and he is quoted very often in the Catalog of Testimonies. Martin Chemnitz, who wrote On the Two Natures of Christ, found in Cyril and fellow workman in the defense of this doctrine. Thus, we give thanks to God for preserving this doctrine through Cyril’s confession and faithful teaching.

But when the set time had fully come, God sent his Son to be born of a woman, so that he would be born under the law,in order to redeem those under the law, so that we would be adopted as sons.
Galatians 4:4-5

June 28: Irenaeus of Lyons, Pastor

Irenaeus (c. AD 130 – c. 202) was the bishop of Lyons in southern France and known for his defense of the true faith against Gnostics who were attempting to disrupt the Church. In early 177 Irenaeus was sent to Rome as a presbyter to deliver a letter to the bishop of Rome. While he was in Rome the persecution of Christians in Lyons took place so that 48 Christians were put to death for their faith, including the leader of the local church. When he returned, he was made bishop and faithfully led the people. Part of his role was writing against the Gnostics, who also claimed to follow Christ, in order to both defend the true faith as well as to inform and guard the congregations from this deadly false teaching Irenaeus wrote Against Heresies which systematically showed the errors of Gnosticism and showed forth the true teaching of the faith according to the Scriptures. It is not known whether Irenaeus died a martyr or in peace, as different sources vary, but he is remembered for his faithful leadership in Lyons including his defense of the faith.

But you, O man of God, flee from these things and pursue righteousness, godliness, faith, love, perseverance, and gentleness.
1 Timothy 6:11

June 29: St. Peter and St. Paul, Apostles

El Greco, “St. Peter and Paul” (1590-1600)

St. Peter (c. AD 1 – c. 64/67) and St. Paul (c. AD 5 – c. 64/67) were apostles of the Lord Jesus, and two very important missionaries in the early Church as presented in Acts. Peter (also known in the Scriptures as Simon, Simon Peter, and Cephas) was the brother of Andrew and like him was originally a disciple of John the Baptist before being called by our Lord Jesus Christ. He, along with James and John were part of the inner group within the Twelve and witnesses of the Transfiguration, the raising of Jairus’ daughter, and other miracles. Peter originally claimed that he would rather die with Jesus than deny Him on the night when He was betrayed (Matt 26:30-35), but according to the Lord’s word, he did indeed deny Jesus three times (Matt 26:69-75). Yet, after the resurrection Peter was restored by the Lord (John 21:15-19) and after the ascension was a prominent leader in the Church and boldly proclaimed the Gospel message. Because of his evangelism among his people he is sometimes known as the Apostle to the Jews.

Paul (also known as Saul) was a member of the party of the Pharisees and originally a harsh opponent of the faith, ravaging churches by persecuting Christians (Acts 8:2, 9:3). However, the Lord appeared to him on the way to Damascus, for he was a chosen instrument of His in order to bring the Gospel to the nations (Acts 19:1-19). Paul went on multiple missionary journeys which took him throughout the land around the Medditerranian. Because he preached the Gospel far and wide he also wrote many letters to churches he both founded, visited, and would later visit. Almost half of the New Testament books were written by Paul, more than any other New Testament writer. Because of his evangelism to the nations he is sometimes known as the Apostle to the Gentiles.

According to tradition, both St. Peter and St. Paul were martyred on the same day under Emperor Nero. Peter was crucified (according to the word of Christ in John 21:18-19), tradition said that he asked to be crucified upside down because he was not worthy of dying in the same way as his Lord. As Paul was a Roman citizen, he was martyred by beheading. In both Peter and Paul we see the grace of our Lord in that He forgave Peter of his denial and Paul of his persecution and bringing them to saving faith.

He also showed that there is no distinction between us and them, cleansing their hearts by faith. Now then, why are you testing God by putting on the necks of the disciples a yoke, which neither our fathers nor we have been able to bear? On the contrary! We believe that we are saved in the same way they are—through the grace of our Lord Jesus.
Acts 15:9-11

February Thoughts… Spiritual Ancestors

February 5, 2021MeditationsCommemorations, Feasts, Meditations, New Testament, Old Testament, Our Saviour Lutheran Church, SaintsJoshua Kurtenbach

When we look back at those who have gone before us, we are not only looking at heroes of the faith, but we are looking back at our spiritual ancestors. For we are all members of the Body of Christ. And while we are separated, we are still family, brothers and sisters in Christ. I find this can be helpful when looking back and learning about them. It is like looking back on a family tree or learning of an ancestor. It is also important to keep in mind that all these saints we remember, our brothers and sisters, share the same faith as us in our great God and Saviour Jesus Christ. He was the one who worked through them and gave them their gifts, just as He gives to us the gifts and graces we use daily in His service. With that said, let us continue to look at our spiritual ancestors.

All Scripture quotations are from the Evangelical Heritage Version (find more information here). All Old Testament dates are based on The Lutheran Study Bible from CPH.

February 2: Purification of Mary and Presentation of our Lord

Just as January begins with a feast that looks at Jesus’ life, so too does February. And just as that feast was tied to Christmas, so is this. For the Feast of the Purification of Mary and the Presentation of our Lord takes place forty days after our Lord’s birth in accordance with the Law (Leviticus 12). The account of this event is found in Luke 2:22-38 where it describes how they were going to the Temple both for Mary’s purification and to present Jesus to the Lord for the redemption of the first-born. This shows us yet again Mary and Joseph taking care to ensure that both they and Mary’s Son were walking in accordance with the Law. However, here we also meet Simeon and Anna. Simeon, waiting for the redemption of Israel, takes the child in his arms and sings what we now call the Nunc Dimittis which we often sing as our Post-Communion Canticle. In addition, Simeon gives a prophecy related to Jesus, pointing forward to His redeeming work on the cross (Luke 2:33-35). Anna likewise praises the Lord and spreads the word to all who will listen about Jesus (Luke 2:36-38). There is much here to thank the Lord for and to follow as His people including the example of raising a child in the faith as well as speaking to the hope we have in Him.

Then Simeon blessed them and said to Mary his mother, “Listen carefully, this child is appointed for the falling and rising of many in Israel and for a sign that is spoken against, so that the thoughts of many hearts may be revealed. And a sword will pierce your own soul too.”
Luke 2:34-35

February 5: Jacob (Israel), Patriarch

A Greek icon of Jacob. The scroll says, “A star shall rise from Jacob, and a man shall rise up from Israel.” This is from the Greek translation of Numbers 24:17, a prophecy of Christ.

Jacob (c. 2006 – c. 1859 BC), is the last of the patriarchs in the line of Abraham. He is the younger of the two sons of Isaac and Rebekah. Jacob’s life itself was full of conflict. After getting the birthright from his father Isaac by pretending to be Esau, he ran away to Haran to Rebekah’s family in order to avoid his brother’s anger and threats of death (Genesis 27). There, he had conflict with his father-in-law as he was deceived on his wedding night, as a result his wives also produced conflict as they competed for children (Genesis 29). Even his children brought conflict to his life as they were jealous of Joseph, his favourite son (Genesis 37:12-36). However, despite all of this, the Lord was with Jacob and promised that the promise He gave to Abraham had come to him (Genesis 28:10-22). Eventually, the Lord would also reconcile Jacob and his brother Esau. On the night before they met, the Lord appeared to Jacob as a man and wrestled with him until daybreak. At this time, Jacob asked for a blessing and received it along with a new name: Israel, because he had striven with God and man and had prevailed (Genesis 32:22-32). It was Jacob’s children who would become the tribes of Israel and their descendants would inherit the Promised Land. The Lord greatly blessed Jacob in his life, but the greatest blessing of all which He had given him was that through his line, the Messiah of the world would come, the one who stands between heaven and earth as truly God and truly man, reconciling us to God (Genesis 27:10-17; John 1:51). As we share Jacob’s faith, we are counted as true spiritual sons and daughters of Israel as we wait for the return of the Messiah, Jesus Christ our Lord.

I see him, but not now. I behold him, but not near. A star will come out of Jacob. A scepter will rise up out of Israel.
Numbers 24:17a

February 10: Silas, Fellow Worker of St. Paul

Silas (1st century AD – c. 65 – 100), who is also called Sylvanus, was a companion of St. Paul and missionary with him. He is first mentioned in Acts 15:22, where he is chosen as one of the men to accompany Paul and Barnabas to go to Antioch to bring them the news and decree from the Jerusalem Council that there was no requirement for Gentile converts to be circumcised, thus making them accountable to the whole Old Covenant. Silas is spoken of at this time as one of the leading men among the brothers in Jerusalem, speaking to his character and strong faith in Christ. After these events, Silas would accompany Paul on his second missionary journey after he and Barnabas disagreed about taking Mark with them. As a fellow missionary with Paul, Silas was present with him at various times including being jailed (and freed by an angel) in Philippi (Acts 16:25-37), preaching in Thessalonica, Barea, and Corinth (Acts 17:1, 10; 18:5). Because of his presence in these places, Silas is also named along with Paul and Timothy as sending the two epistles to the Thessalonians and is mentioned in 2 Corinthians. Because Silas is not spoken of again in Acts after being present in Corinth, it has traditionally been thought that he remained there as a teacher and preacher within the Church, similarly to Timothy in Ephesus and Titus in Crete. Like Titus, Silas is thought to have been granted a peaceful death by the Lord, an uncommon thing for the early disciples and missionaries, and something for which we may give thanks to God.

I have written to you briefly (through Silas, whom I consider a faithful brother), to encourage you and to testify that this is the true grace of God. Stand firm in it.
1 Peter 5:12

February 13: Aquila, Priscilla, and Apollos

Aquila and Priscilla explaining to Apollos the way of God more accurately.

Today, the Church commemorates the husband and wife missionaries Aquila and Priscilla along with the missionary Apollos (all born and died within the 1st century AD). Apollos was a Jewish Christian and companion of Paul from Alexandria in Egypt who was an important figure whom God used in the planting of the Church in Ephesus and Corinth (1 Corinthians 3:6). In Acts 18:24-25, he is described as “an eloquent man and well versed in the Scriptures. He had been instructed in the way of the Lord. He spoke with burning zeal and taught the facts about Jesus accurately,” however, he only knew the baptism of John and not Trinitarian baptism. This is where Aquila and Priscilla become acquainted with Apollos. They were also Jewish Christians, but they were from Rome and currently in exile because Emperor Claudius expelled all the Jews from Rome between AD 49 and 54. While in exile in Corinth they met Paul and after spending time with him, they accompanied him to Ephesus (Acts 18:1-4). While in Ephesus they heard Apollos’ teaching. In Christian love, this lay missionary couple takes Apollos aside and explains more accurately to him the true doctrine (Acts 18:26). In goldy humility, this learned man accepts their correction. Because of this example of godly humility, gentle correction, and Christian love for one another, these great missionaries and companions of Paul are commemorated and remembered together.

Therefore, encourage one another and build each other up, just as you are also doing. Brothers, we ask you to take note of those who work hard among you, who exercise leadership over you in the Lord, and who admonish you. Hold them in the highest regard in love, on account of their work. Live at peace with each other. We also encourage you, brothers, to admonish those who are idle. Encourage those who are discouraged, help those who are weak, and be patient with everyone. See to it that no one repays evil with evil, but instead, always strive to do good to each other and to everyone else.
1 Thessalonians 5:11-15

February 14: Valentine, Martyr

Valentine (c. 226 – c. 269), was a Christian pastor who was martyred in Rome under the persecution of Emperor Claudius II. Despite his name being well known from quite early on, there is relatively little known about this saint. Pope Gelasius I (r. 492 – 496) famously said regarding Valentine and other early Christian martyrs we only know by name that their names are rightly honoured by men, but their acts are only known by God. It is generally accepted that during Claudius’ persecution that Valentine ministered to and encouraged those Christians in and around Rome and that eventually he himself was martyred by beheading (an execution reserved for Roman citizens). There is something to be said for not knowing much of Valentine’s life and acts, for there are many saints that are not well known beyond their own families, there are many whose names are not even known by men, but whose names are known only to God. Valentine then becomes an example for all Christians of humble service which doesn’t seek to glorify self, but only to serve our neighbour in love because of the love which God first had for us and demonstrated by sending His Son to die for us to redeem and save us.

Be careful that you do not do your righteous works in front of people, so that they will notice. If you do, you have no reward from your Father who is in heaven. Do not store up treasures for yourselves on earth, where moth and rust destroy, and where thieves break in and steal. 20 But store up treasures for yourselves in heaven, where moth and rust do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal.
Matthew 6:1, 19-20

February 15: Philemon and Onesimus

An illuminated initial from a Medieval manuscript from the first letter of the book of Philemon showing Onesimus delivering the letter to Philemon.

Philemon and Onesimus (both 1st century AD – c. 68), were members of the Church in Colossae. Philemon was a presumably wealthy man who owned both a house big enough for the Colossian Church to meet in as well as slaves, including Onesimus. At one point, Onesimus ran away and wound up in Rome where Paul was imprisoned. There they met and under the teaching of Paul Onesimus became a Christian. This is the circumstance surrounding Paul’s epistle to Philemon, asking that he would forgive Onesimus who is now his own brother in Christ and even carrying this letter to Philemon. He also encourages him to free Onesimus so that as a fellow Christian he would be able to help in either Philemon’s or Paul’s ministry. Paul does not compel Philemon because he wants this good work to be done willingly and voluntarily rather than forced. Philemon and Onesimus then stand out for us as an example of brotherly love, reconciliation, and forgiveness within the congregation.

I wanted to keep him with me, so that he might serve me in your place while I am in chains for the gospel. But I did not want to do anything without your consent, so that your kindness would not be the result of compulsion, but of willingness. Perhaps this is why he was separated from you for a while: so that you would have him back forever, no longer as a slave, but as more than a slave, as a dear brother.
Philemon 13-16a

February 16: Philip Melanchthon (birth), Confessor

Phlip Melanchthon (February 16, 1497 – April 19, 1560), was a lay theologian and reformer during the 16th century Reformation. Melanchthon was a fellow professor at Wittenberg University and close friend of Martin Luther. Melanchthon was graced by the Lord with a gift for languages and a systematic thinking. He wrote his first academic work, a Greek Grammar, at the age of 21 and also wrote a Latin Grammar, was fluent in Biblical Hebrew (rare in those days), and wrote a rhetoric text that is still used today in places. However, the Lord used him the most in the theological controversies of the Reformation. Melanchthon is the author of both the Augsburg Confession and its Apology (that is, Defense) which are the primary confessions of the Book of Concord. His ability to think systematically allowed him to organize clearly the teachings of the Evangelical Church to present them before the Holy Roman Emperor at Augsburg. His knowledge of Greek and Latin, the Church Fathers, and Canon Law allowed him to present and defend the Lutheran position as being not only in accordance with the Scriptural truth, but also that which has always been taught and seen as true within the Church in opposition to Rome’s claims. While his reputation suffered as a result of his willingness to change the wording in one article of the Augsburg Confession later to allow John Calvin to agree to it, Melanchthon himself never gave up his own Biblical position. One of his theological texts, known as Theological Commonplaces, formed the basis and set the pattern for later theologians such as Martin Chemnitz and Johann Gerhard, both theologians who taught boldly the Scriptural truth.

Then I will speak of your testimonies before kings, and I will not be put to shame.
Psalm 119:46

February 18: Martin Luther, Doctor and Confessor

Portraits of Luther and Melanchthon by Lucas Cranach the Elder, 1541.

Martin Luther (November 10, 1483 – February 18, 1546), was a reformer and doctor of the Church during the 16th century Reformation. Through Luther’s writings about the doctrine of indulgences and dispute with Johann Tetzel, the Lord brought about the reformation of His Church, bringing more into focus the truth of salvation by grace through faith and the proper place and use of the sacraments. Originally training to be a lawyer, after a frightening trip through a storm Luther vowed to leave his studies and become a monk. In the monastery Luther was known for the seriousness with which he took his vows and Augustinian rule and rose quickly among the ranks of the Augustinian Order. Eventually, on the advice of his father-confessor Johann von Staupitz, he was sent to Wittenberg to teach theology at the newly founded university. In the midst of his teaching, studying, and controversy with Tetzel, Luther was convinced of the Scriptural truth of justification by grace through faith. This Scriptural truth would eventually become the centre of Reformation. This was important because this teaching had become intertwined and obscured by much dross and other false teachings. Luther taught clearly and fiercely held to this Biblical truth, even as he was threatened with death and he saw the martyrdom of his fellow Augustinians who agreed with this Scriptural teaching. Because of this, he is called a doctor, or teacher, of the Church.

For we conclude that a person is justified by faith without the works of the law.
Romans 3:28

February 23: Polycarp, Pastor and Martyr

Polycarp of Smyrna (65 – 155) was the bishop of the church in Smyrna and a martyr for the faith in Christ Jesus. Polycarp was a disciple of the Apostle John and based on his speech recorded in the account of his martyrdom seems to have been a Christian from a very young age as he is said to have served Christ for 80 years. Only one of Polycarp’s works survives, a letter written to the Christians in Philippi. This letter is one which clearly teaches salvation in Christ by grace through faith and encourages the Christians in Philippi to lives of holiness while referring to the words of our Lord and those of Paul to them and the other churches. After his martyrdom, an account was circulated that documented his last days and presented his faithful confession of Christ before the governor and before the whole of the arena who had gathered to see him killed. This document served as a way to encourage fellow believers at a time of persecution, encouraging them to continue in the faith and to pray for those who persecuted them. From some of the earliest days, Polycarp has been an example of faithfulness in the midst of persecution, this gift is one which can only be given by God, and something which we thank Him for and likewise pray that He would grant this same gift to those facing persecution.

But I say to you who are listening: Love your enemies. Do good to those who hate you. Bless those who curse you. Pray for those who mistreat you. If someone strikes you on one cheek, offer the other too. If someone takes away your coat, do not withhold your shirt. Give to everyone who asks you, and if anyone takes away your things, do not demand them back.
Luke 6:27-30

February 24: St. Matthias, Apostle

St. Matthias (1st century AD – c. 80) was an apostle of the Lord, chosen after His ascension into heaven. After the death of the betrayer Judas Iscariot there was an empty office of apostle among the Twelve. After a time of prayer following the Lord’s ascension, Peter preached that the Holy Spirit had spoken through the Scriptures concerning Judas’ death and his replacement (Acts 1:13-20). And so began the search for his replacement. The one who would replace him would need to be one who had followed the Lord from the beginning and had been a witness of His resurrection. Two were put forward by the community of believers, Matthias and Joseph Barsabbas (also called Justus). After prayer, the Lord revealed through a lot that Matthias was to be chosen (Acts 1:21-26). After this event Matthias is not mentioned again in Acts. Some see this as a sign that it was wrong to replace Judas, and rather they should have waited until Jesus chose someone Himself, that is, Paul. However, the text of Acts is clear that Matthias was chosen by the Lord. In addition, many other of the Apostles are not mentioned in the rest of Acts. Rather than showing this as a “mistake” it instead shows his humble work as a preacher, teacher, and evangelist. Matthias worked quietly, without recognition, like most within the Body of Christ. Thus, he serves as an example of humbly serving in our own vocations without desire for reward or recognition on our part. There are multiple traditions surrounding his death, some say that he died peacefully, while others that he was martyred in the region of Colchis.

Therefore, beyond this, brothers, just as you received instruction from us about how you are to walk so as to please God (as indeed you are doing), we ask and urge you in the Lord Jesus that you do so even more.
1 Thessalonians 4:1

September Thoughts… Holy Cross

September 18, 2020MeditationsHoly Cross, Lutheran Church-Canada, Meditations, Our Saviour Lutheran Church, SeptemberJoshua Kurtenbach

For I decided to know nothing among you except Jesus Christ and Him crucified.
1 Corinthians 2:2

From Lucas Cranach the Younger’s Wittenberg Altarpiece

One of the feasts that is listed on the Feasts and Festivals section in the hymnal (LSB, xi) that may cause us to scratch our head is that of Holy Cross Day. The Augsburg Confession proclaims that the remembrance of the saints is a good practice so that we should imitate their faith and good works in accordance with our calling (AC XXI). That is right and good to do and fits with the many men, women, and events which we commemorate. But what about Holy Cross Day, which appears this month, September 14.

Historically, the roots of this feast go back to the days of Constantine, the first Christian Roman Emperor. While in Jerusalem, his mother, St. Helena, is said to have found the place where Jesus was crucified and buried. On this spot a church was built (this still exists as the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem). As part of the celebrations, it was said, that the very cross which our Lord was crucified on was found and displayed on the day after the dedication of the church (September 14, 335).

However, we are not commemorating this event concerning St. Helena (whether what was found was the true cross or not), but instead remembering the cross itself. Why? Because that is the instrument which our Lord had used in bringing about our redemption. We call it holy because Jesus’ cross was indeed holy, that is, it was set apart. It was set apart as the altar on which the Lamb of God gave Himself as the sacrifice for the sins of the world. That cross, that one particular cross, in its nature no different than any other used by the Romans to execute criminals, became the very real means which our Lord used in overcoming sin, death, and the devil for us. Of all the thousands of crosses that existed, that one which our Lord died upon is unique in all the world, not because anything in itself was special, but because what happened upon it.

Thus it is good to remember the cross on which our Lord had died for us, where He made atonement, where He brought reconciliation, and where He displayed the righteousness of God. For, in our baptism we have been crucified with Christ and raised to new life with Him. When we receive the Lord’s Supper we receive the fruits of this sacrifice: the true body and blood of our Saviour who gave His life upon that cross.

And so, like any other day when we commemorate the saints we are remembering the grace which God has shown in the faith and lives of His people by His working through them, on this day we remember the grace of God shown to us by using the cross as an instrument of bringing about our salvation.

Prayer:* Merciful God, Your Son, Jesus Christ, was lifted high upon the cross that He might bear the sins of the world and draw all people to Himself. Grant that we who glory in His death for our redemption may faithfully heed His call to bear the cross and follow Him, who lives and reigns with You and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and forever. Amen.

Readings:* Numbers 21:4-9, Psalm 40:1-11, 1 Corinthians 1:18-25, John 12:20-33.

*Both the prayer and readings accompanying this meditation are from the appointed propers for Holy Cross Day.